'How to make food dyes from spinach, beetroot and onion skin (Home experiment)'

02:03 Aug 7, 2021 2 2

'This experiment is not included in the MEL Chemistry subscription–we just love to show you the beauty of Chemistry For cool and safe experiments to do at home sign up to MEL Science here: http://bit.ly/2rrq2AH  The word “dyes” is of­ten as­so­ci­at­ed with some­thing ar­ti­fi­cial and harm­ful, but this is not al­ways the case. In this ex­per­i­ment you will find out how to make safe dyes from veg­eta­bles.  Safe­ty pre­cau­tions Ob­serve safe­ty rules when work­ing with boil­ing wa­ter and heat­ing de­vices.  Warn­ing! Only un­der adults su­per­vi­sion.  Reagents and equip­ment:  * spinach (200 g); * beet­root (2-3); * onion skin (100 g); * glass con­tain­er; * grater; * fry­ing pan; * hot plate; * 1 ta­ble­spoon of ta­ble vine­gar; * spat­u­la; * fun­nel; * ban­dage or gauze; * knife; * cut­ting board; * la­dle; * 40% so­lu­tion of ethanol.  Step-by-step in­struc­tions Beet­root dye: grate beet­root on a coarse grater, put the pulp in the fry­ing pan, add a ta­ble­spoon of vine­gar and stew for 15 min­utes. Fil­ter through the fun­nel with gauze. Spinach dye: put fine­ly chopped spinach on a fry­ing pan and add the ethanol so­lu­tion. Stew for 15 min­utes. Fil­ter through the fun­nel with gauze. Onion skin dye: pour boil­ing wa­ter over the onion skin and leave for 15–20 min­utes. Fil­ter through the fun­nel with gauze. The dyes are ready! Put boiled eggs in the dye so­lu­tions for 30–60 min­utes. Ob­serve the eggs change col­or.  Pro­cess­es de­scrip­tion Spinach leaves con­tain green pig­ment – chloro­phyll, which dis­solves well in ethanol. Onion skin con­tains the beta-carotene pig­ment. It gives the skin a gold­en col­or and dis­solves well in hot wa­ter. Beet­root con­tains a mix­ture of dif­fer­ent pig­ments, which give it a red col­or. They dis­solve well in wa­ter, but they de­com­pose with lengthy heat treat­ment, and to pre­serve their col­or a lit­tle ta­ble vine­gar must be added. Egg shells main­ly con­sist of cal­ci­um car­bon­ate. It has a por­ous struc­ture, and so it is a good sor­bent. So dyes eas­i­ly soak into it.' 

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